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}} |image = Sun Yat-sen 2.jpg |nationality = Chinese American (1904–1909) |office = Provisional President of the Republic of China |term = 1 January 1912 – 10 March 1912 |vicepresident = Li Yuanhong |predecessor = Puyi (Emperor of China) |successor = Yuan Shikai |office2 = Premier of the Kuomintang of China |term2 = 10 October 1919 – 12 March 1925 |predecessor2 = Himself (as Premier of Chinese Revolutionary Party) |successor2 = Zhang Renjie (as chairman) |birth_date = |birth_place = Xiangshan County, Guangdong, Qing Empire |death_date = |death_place = Beijing, China |resting_place = Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, Nanjing, Jiangsu |spouse = Lu Muzhen (1885–1915) Kaoru Otsuki (1903–1906) Soong Ching-ling (1915–1925) |partner = Chen Cui-fen (1892-1925) |children = Sun Fo Sun Yan Sun Wan Fumiko Miyagawa (b. 1906) |party = Kuomintang (KMT) |otherparty = Chinese Revolutionary Party |religion = Congregationalist |alma_mater = Hong Kong College of Medicine for Chinese |occupation = Physician Politician Revolutionary Writer |signature = Sun Yat Sen Signature.png }} Sun Yat-sen (; 12 November 1866 – 12 March 1925)〔Singtao daily. Saturday edition. 23 October 2010. 特別策劃 section A18. Sun Yat-sen Xinhai revolution 100th anniversary edition 民國之父.〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.yatsen.gov.tw/en/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=153&Itemid=129 )〕 was a Chinese revolutionary, first president and founding father of the Republic of China, and medical practitioner. As the foremost pioneer of the Republic of China, Sun is referred to as the "Father of the Nation" in both the Republic of China (ROC) and the People's Republic of China (PRC), and the "forerunner of democratic revolution" in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Sun played an instrumental role in the overthrow of the Qing dynasty during the years leading up to the Double Ten Revolution. He was appointed to serve as Provisional President of the Republic of China when it was founded in 1912. He later co-founded the Kuomintang (KMT), serving as its first leader.〔Derek Benjamin Heater. () (1987). Our world this century. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-913324-7, ISBN 978-0-19-913324-6.〕 Sun was a uniting figure in post-Imperial China, and he remains unique among 20th-century Chinese politicians for being widely revered amongst the people from both sides of the Taiwan Strait. Although Sun is considered one of the greatest leaders of modern China, his political life was one of constant struggle and frequent exile. After the success of the revolution, he quickly resigned, due to Beiyang Clique pressure, from his post as President of the newly founded Republic of China, and led successive revolutionary governments as a challenge to the warlords who controlled much of the nation. Sun did not live to see his party consolidate its power over the country during the Northern Expedition. His party, which formed a fragile alliance with the Communists, split into two factions after his death. Sun's chief legacy resides in his developing of the political philosophy known as the Three Principles of the People: nationalism (non-ethnic, independence from imperialist domination), democracy (to Western standards), and the people's livelihood (free trade capitalism and Georgist tax reform).〔Schoppa, Keith R. () (2000). The Columbia guide to modern Chinese history. Columbia university press. ISBN 0-231-11276-9, ISBN 978-0-231-11276-5. p 282.〕 ==Names== (詳細はCantonese: ''Syūn Màhn''; ), and his genealogical name was Sun Deming (''Syūn Dāk-mìhng''; ).〔〔王爾敏. 思想創造時代:孫中山與中華民國. 秀威資訊科技股份有限公司 publishing. ISBN 986-221-707-3, ISBN 978-986-221-707-8. p 274.〕 As a child, his "milk name" was Dixiang (''Dai-jeuhng''; ).〔 Sun's courtesy name was Zaizhi (''Jai-jī''; ), and his baptized name was Rixin (''Yaht-sān''; ).〔王壽南. () (2007). Sun Zhong-san. 臺灣商務印書館 publishing. ISBN 957-05-2156-2, ISBN 978-957-05-2156-6. p 23.〕 While at school in Hong Kong he got the name Yat-sen ().〔游梓翔. () (2006). 領袖的聲音: 兩岸領導人政治語藝批評, 1906–2006. 五南圖書出版股份有限公司 publishing. ISBN 957-11-4268-9, ISBN 978-957-11-4268-5. p 82.〕 Sūn Zhōngshān (), the most popular of his Chinese names, came from the "Nakayama" () of Nakayama Shō (), the Japanese name given to him by Tōten Miyazaki.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sun Yat-sen」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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